母豬是豬場獲益的火車頭,繁殖障礙是母豬淘汰的主要因素,如何發現並降低問題,是豬場的重要課題。繁殖障礙一般被認為是生殖道感染造成,然而,因母豬的尿道與產道在陰道內有共同開口 (圖一),許多研究進而證明,尿道感染與生殖道感染及繁殖障礙息息相關,
- 新女豬約18%有尿道炎問題,經產母豬更高達38%有尿道炎問題 (The Pig Site, 2010)
- Bilkei等人(1994)指出,患尿道與膀胱感染問題的豬隻,有50%也同時患有子宮炎
- Biksi等人(2002)的研究中則說明,當母豬患有尿道炎的問題時,子宮內膜炎發生的機率會較無尿道感染者提高至3.5倍
- Menin等人(2012)指出922頭因繁殖障礙淘汰的母豬,高達866頭 (94%)有尿道感染問題。
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生殖泌尿系統感染後,更會影響哺乳性能,Stelser等人(1997)指出61%因泌尿系統而感染淘汰的豬隻同時發現有泌乳量不足的問題。Glock &BilKei (2005)指出因生殖泌尿系統淘汰的母豬,其仔豬窩重也都有顯著下降的情況 (表一)。
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- 環境清潔 (避免外陰部與糞便接觸)
- 器具與手部清潔 (尤其是配種與助產等侵入性操作時)
- 應用機能性酸化劑-「維富妥」降低尿道酸鹼值 (抑制細菌定殖)
Biksi, I., Takács, N., Vetési, F., & et al. 2002. Association between endometritis and urocystitis in culled sows. Acta veterinaria Hungarica, 50(4), 413-423.
Biksi, Imre, et al. "Association between endometritis and urocystitis in culled sows." Acta Veterinaria Hungarica 50.4 (2002): 413-423.
DSM. 2017. VevoVitall against salmonella.
Food And Agriculture Organization Of The United Nations, 1994, A manual for the primary animal health care worker.
Glock, X. T., & Bilkei, G. 2005. The effect of postparturient urogenital diseases on the lifetime reproductive performance of sows. The Canadian Veterinary Journal, 46(12), 1103.
Menin, Álvaro, et al. 2012. "Diagnóstico de infecção urinária em fêmeas suínas produtivas em granjas comerciais no sul do Brasil." Ciência Animal Brasileira 9.1: 197-206.
Louis Tsai